4º ESO

Teacher: Sagrario


TOPICS
 UNIT 1.
 CELL DIVISION

·        Reproduction
·        The cell cycle
·        The structure of DNA.   
·        The structure of chromosomes.
·        Cell division
·        Meiosis
UNIT 2
GENETICS AND DNA

·        Genes
·        Genetic inheritance.
·        The Origin of the Science of Genetics.
·        Mendel’s Laws.
·        Inherited diseases.
·        The Human genome project
UNIT 3
GENE TECHNOLOGY

·        DNA the stuff of genes.
·         DNA replication.
·         The genetic code
·        Chromosome mutations
·        Gene technology
·        Applications of DNA technology in humans, plants and animals.
·        Applications of DNA technology to improve the environment

UNIT 4

VARIATION AND EVOLUTION

·        The origin of life
·        Main theories about evolution
·        Evidence of evolution
·        Mechanisms of evolution
·        The evolutionary tree of humans
UNIT 5

THE LIVING THINGS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

·        The ecosystem
·        The Biosphere as an ecosystem
·        Adaptation to different environments: earthly, aquatic and air
·        Relationships between organisms
UNIT 6

DYNAMIC OF ECOSYSTEMS

·        Matter and energy in ecosystems
·        The cycle of the matter
·        Dynamic populations
·        Changes in the human population
·        Changes in the ecosystem
UNIT 7

THE HUMAN IMPACT IN ECOSYSTEMS

·        Pollution
·        The global effects of atmospheric pollution
·        The local effects of atmospheric pollution
·        Soil: pollution and degradation
·        The elimination of waste. The use of pesticides

UNIT 8

THE MODELLING OF THE EARTH’S RELIEF

·        Land relief
·        Geological processes that modify the Earth’s surface
·        Torrential fluvial processes
·        Marine processes. The modelling of the coast
·        Glacial formations
·        Typical forms and land relief in arid zones
·        The type of rock also influences relief

 UNIT 9

THE TECTONIC CYCLE

·        The continental drift
·        The sea-Floor spreading
·        The theory of Plate Tectonics
·        Types of Plate Margins: Divergent (constructive) Margins, Convergent (Destructive) Margins, transverse Margins
UNIT 10

PHENOMENON RELATED TO PLATE TECTONIC

·        Earthquakes
·        Volcanoes
·        Mountain rangers
·        The deformation by bending and folding rocks
·        Deformation by fracture: faults
UNIT 11

HISTORY OF THE EARTH AND OF LIFE

·        The origin of the Earth
·        Periods of time in Geology
·        Fossils
·        The Precambrian era
·        The Palaeozoic era
·        The Mesozoic era
·        The Cainozoic era
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